(Hemiscylliidae)
Bamboo Sharks
Бамбукові акули
The Hemiscylliidae are a family of sharks in the order Orectolobiformes, commonly known as longtail carpet sharks and sometimes bamboo sharks. They are found in shallow waters of the tropical Indo-Pacific.
They are relatively small sharks, with the largest species reaching no more than 121 cm in adult body length. They have elongated, cylindrical bodies, with short barbels and large spiracles. As their common name suggests, they have unusually long tails, which exceed the length of the rest of their bodies. They are sluggish fish, feeding on bottom-dwelling invertebrates and smaller fish. Bamboo sharks make noises such as popping and sucking when feeding, clicking jaws when handled as a stress signal and hissing by expelling water from their gills.
Chiloscyllium
This genus is distinguished by a relatively long snout with subterminal nostrils. The eyes and supraorbital ridges are hardly elevated. The mouth is closer to the eyes than to the tip of the snout, with lower labial folds usually connected across the chin by a flap of skin. The pectoral and pelvic fins are thin and not very muscular. No black hood on the head or large black spot on the side is present (though juveniles often are strongly marked with dark spots/bars).
Hemiscyllium
This genus is confined to tropical waters of Australia, Papua New Guinea, and Indonesia, but an individual from this genus, possibly representing an undescribed species, has been photographed at the Seychelles. They have short snouts with the nostrils placed almost at the tip, and well-elevated eyes and supraorbital ridges. The mouth is closer to the tip of the snout than the eyes, and lacks the connecting dermal fold across the chin. The pectoral and pelvic fins are thick and heavily muscular. Either a black hood on the head or a large black spot on the sides of the body is present.
(Hemiscyllium ocellatum)
Epaulette Shark
Еполетова акула оката
The range extends from the southern coast of New Guinea to the northern coast of Australia, extending southward as far as Sydney. It is found in shallow waters to a maximum depth of 50 m and prefers tidal pools, coral flats, and stands of staghorn coral.
(Hemiscyllium trispeculare)
Speckled Carpetshark
Еполетова акула крапчаста
It is found around north and west Australia between latitudes 8° S and 22° S, and longitude 114° E and 152° E, and inhabits shallow coral reefs.
(Hemiscyllium strahani)
Hooded Carpetshark
Еполетова акула каптурова
It is found around Papua New Guinea, between latitudes 5° S and 10° S, and longitude 144° E and 153° E.
(Hemiscyllium michaeli)
Milne Bay Epaulette Shark
Еполетова акула Мілн-Бей
It is known from the shallow ocean in the Milne Bay region of eastern Papua New Guinea. It is found in shallow water to a maximum depth of 20 m in fringing and patch tropical coral reefs, rocky outcrops, tidal pools, and seagrass beds.
(Hemiscyllium halmahera)
Halmahera Epaulette Shark
Еполетова акула Хальмахери
It is described from two specimens collected near Ternate, off the coast of the larger Halmahera, in West Papua.
(Hemiscyllium freycineti)
Indonesian Speckled Carpetshark
Еполетова акула індонезійська
It is found in the shallow ocean around the Raja Ampat Islands in West Papua, Indonesia, but was formerly believed to be more widespread.
(Hemiscyllium galei)
Cenderawasih Epaulette Shark
Еполетова акула Гейла
It is found on reefs at depths of 2–4 m in Cenderawasih Bay, West Papua, Indonesia.
(Hemiscyllium hallstromi)
Papuan Epaulette Shark
Еполетова акула папуаська
It is found around southern Papua New Guinea, between latitudes 7° S and 10° S, and longitude 144° E and 146° E.
(Hemiscyllium henryi)
Henry's Epaulette Shark
Еполетова акула Генрі
It is fond in western New Guinea (West Papua Province, Indonesia) in the southern Bird’s Head region.
(Chiloscyllium punctatum)
Brown-banded Bamboo Shark
Бамбукова акула коричневосмугаста
It is found in the Indo-West Pacific from Japan to northern Australia, between latitudes 34° N and 26° S.
(Chiloscyllium plagiosum)
White-spotted Bamboo Shark
Бамбукова акула білоплямиста
It is found near the coasts from Japan to the Philippines and the Malay Archipelago, including Sulawesi and the Maluku Islands. It also occurs along the coasts of Vietnam, Cambodia, and Myanmar, in the Bay of Bengal, along southern Hindustan, and near Sri Lanka. A separate population occurs near Madagascar.
(Chiloscyllium arabicum)
Arabian Carpetshark
Бамбукова акула арабська
Its range extends from the Persian Gulf to Pakistan and western India. It inhabits coastal waters 3–100 m deep, though most are found shallower than 10 m.
(Chiloscyllium burmense)
Burmese Bamboo Shark
Бамбукова акула бірманська
It was caught in 1963 off the coast from Rangoon in Myanmar in a depth of 29–33 m.
(Chiloscyllium caeruleopunctatum)
Bluespotted Bamboo Shark
Бамбукова акула блакитноплямиста
It is found in the western Indian Ocean off Madagascar.
(Chiloscyllium griseum)
Grey Bamboo Shark
Бамбукова акула сіра
It is found in the Indo-West Pacific Oceans from the Arabian Sea to Pakistan, India, Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, China, Japan, the Philippines, and Papua New Guinea.
(Chiloscyllium hasseltii)
Hasselt's Bamboo Shark
Бамбукова акула Хассельта
It is found around Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia, between 23°N and 10°S and 91°E and 133°E, inhabiting inshore waters.
(Chiloscyllium indicum)
Slender Bamboo Shark
Струнка бамбукова акула
It is found off the western and southern coasts of India and Sri Lanka, and from the Malay Peninsula through Sumatra and Java to China and Taiwan.
